There is no way to write this in one line:
{{ [1, 2, 3] | length + 1 }}
This will result in an error. Also, this not compiles too:
{{ ([1, 2, 3] | length) + 1 }}
The only working approach is:
{% set temp = [1, 2, 3] | length %}
{{ temp + 1 }}
Which is not convenient. So, I suggest allowing writing filters inside parenthesis. Or allow using filters as a functions:
{{ length(value=[1, 2, 3]) + 1 }}